to和for的用法区别

在英语中，to和for是经常考到的介词，它们的用法有所不同，掌握好他们两个的区别才能在考试中拿到相应的分数。

to和for的用法区别：

1、to的用法：

to可以作为介词、不定式符号、副词等使用，用于表示方向、目的、结果等。它通常与名词、动词、形容词连用。

（1）表示方向：I am walking to the station.

（2）表示目的：I am going to the store to buy some milk.

（3）表示结果：I am too tired to go out tonight.

（4）表示时间：I have to leave for work in 10 minutes.

（5）表示状态：She is close to tears.

2、for的用法：

for通常作为介词使用，用于表示用途、目的、时间、原因等。它通常与名词或动词的“-ing”形式连用。

（1）表示用途：Tom bought a present for his mother on her birthday.

（2）表示时间：I have been waiting for an hour.

（3）表示原因：I don't eat meat for ethical reasons.

（4）表示目的：We are studying hard for the exam.

（5）表示比较：He is tall for his age.

3、当表达缘由时用法不同：

（1）to此时是不定式的用法，后接动词原形。

例如：

I went to the supermarket to buy apples.

我想去超市买苹果。

（2）for则直接后接名词。

例如：

I went to the supermarket for apples.

我想去超市买苹果。

4、当表示“给予”时用法不同：

（1）此时的to和for后面都可以接动作的对象，但用to时往往意味着句子的谓语动作会发生方位变化（事物从一个地方移到另一个地方）。

例如：

I made a cake for her.

我做了一块蛋糕给她。

（2）for则没有。

I gave a cake to her.

我做了一块蛋糕给她。

5、表示赞成同情，用for不用to。

例如：

Are you for the idea or against it?

你是支持还是反对这个想法?

He expresses sympathy for the common people.

他表现了对普通老百姓的同情。

6、当事人对某事的主观看法，对于(某人)，对…来说(多和形容词连用)，用介词to，不用for。

例如：

He said that money was not important to him.

他说钱对他并不重要。

To her it was rather unusual.

对她来说这是相当不寻常的。

They are cruel to animals.

他们对动物很残忍。

7、表示前往(某地)去某地，用for不用to。

例如：

I start for Shanghai tomorrow.

我明天去上海。

The ship is for Liverpool.

这艘船是开往利物浦的。

8、表示到达的目的地、终点，用to不用for。

例如：

The bus will take you to the post office.

公共汽车会把你送到邮局去的。

He saw her to the railway station.

他把她送到火车站。

9、 意思为作为时(意思接近as)，for可以与to互换。

例如：

I’ll keep it for a souvenir.

我将把它留作纪念。

He spoke English so well that I took him for a foreigner.

他英语说的那么好，我还以为他是外国人。

He took her to (or for) wife.

他娶她为妻。

总的来说，for更注重目的，表示有一方受益，to更注重指向。to接不定式动词原形，for接动词ing形式。一般情况下, to后面常接对象；for后面表示原因与目的为多。

to和for的固定搭配：

award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb.颁奖给某人

book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb.为某人预定某物

bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb.把某物带给某人

buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物

choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb.为某人选某物

cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb.为某人煮某物

draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb.为某人画某物

fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb.为某人去取某物

find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb.为某人找到某物

fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb.为某人准备某物

fine sb for sth/ doing sth 处某人罚金

get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb.为某人弄到某物

give sb. sth = give sth to sb.给某人某物

hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb.把某物递给某人

kiss sb good-bye/ say good-bye to sb.吻别某人/同某人告别

leave sb sth.= leave sth for sb给某人递交某物

leave sb sth =leave sth to sb 遗留给某人某物

lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb.把某物借给某人

mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb.把某物寄给某人

offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.将某物给某人

order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb.为某人订购某物

owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb.欠某人某物

pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.把某物递给某人

pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb.付给某人某物(钱)

paint sb sth=paint sth for sb 为某人画什么

pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb.为某人采摘某物

post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb.把某物寄给某人

prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb.为某人准备某物

read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb.把某物读给某人听

return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb.把某物还给某人

save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb.为某人留某物

sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb.把某物卖给某人

send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.把某物送给某人

serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb.拿某物招待某人

show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.拿某物给某人看

sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb.为某人唱某物(歌)

spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb.为某人匀出某物

steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb.为某人偷某物

take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb.把某物拿给某人

teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb.教某人某物

tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某情况

throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb.把某物扔给某人

write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb.给某人写信