宾语补足语是什么
关于英语的学习,其中的语法有跟多,大多数人在学习时只有及时分辨清楚,才能更好的有所提高,其中宾语补足语的语法就比较重要,那么应该如何梳理清楚呢?
宾语补足语是什么?
宾语补足语指在英语中有些及物动词,接了宾语意义仍不完整,还需要有一个其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,简称宾补。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。而复合宾语的第一部分通常由名词或代词(也可以是句子)充当,第二部分表示第一部分的名词或代词发出的动作或身份、特征等,称为宾语补足语。
宾语补足语怎么用?
1、不定式做宾补
He asked me to open the windows.
His dad hopes him to win the game.
My teacher told me to go home.
2、动词原型做宾补
使役动词(make,let,have)接宾补时,如果宾补的动作和宾语为主动关系,则宾补为动词原型Don’t let me go.You have to make him finish his job.
感官动词(feel, find, hear, listen to, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, smell)接宾补时,如果强调看到宾补动作发生的过程,则宾补为动词原型:I watched him climb the mountain. 看到他爬山的全过程。I saw her drink the water。看到她把水喝下的过程
3、动词现在分词做宾补
感官动词接宾补时,如果强调宾语补足语的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生,则宾补用现在分词。
I saw him beating the boy. 看见他正在打那个男孩
I saw him being beaten by the boy. 看见他正在被那个男孩打
I feel something burning in the kitchen. 感觉什么东西正在燃烧
宾语补足语的形式:
1、名词(包括名词性物主代词)作宾语补足语。
In 1849, he went to England and made London the base for his revolutionary work.
在1849年,他去了英国并把伦敦作为他从事革命工作的基地。
2、形容词极其短语作宾语补足语。
Please keep the windows open. We need more fresh air.
请让窗户开着,我们需要更多的新鲜空气。
3、不定式极其短语做宾语补足语。
I often ask him to help me with my English.我经常让他帮助我学习英语。
4、现在分词极其短语做宾语补足语。
I caught her stealing in the bookshop.我当场抓住她在书店行窃。
5、过去分词极其短语作宾语补足语。
When they got there, they found the bank robbed.
当他们到达那儿的时候,他们发现银行被抢了。