数词分为哪两种
数词的用法是英语中经常考察的知识点,在英语中,数词有两种形式,分别是基数词跟序数词,基础词变序数词是有一定的规律的,要熟练掌握。
数词分为哪两种?
1、基数词:表示数量。
(1)一百以内的基数词:
①1-12的基数词是one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight, nine,ten,eleven,twelve。
②13-19的基数词是thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen。
③“整十”是twenty(二十),thirty(三十),forty(四十),fifty(五十),sixty(六十),seventy(七十),eighty(八十),ninety(九十)。
④“几十几”是“十位数+个位数”,中间用连字符“-”连接。比如:21是twenty-one,35是thirty-five。
(2)一百以上的基数词:
英语中的数字是三位一个单位,所以它只有计数单位是“百、千、百万、十亿、万亿”,对应的英语单词是“hundred,thousand,million,billion,trillion”,缺少的汉语计数单位是“万、十万、千万、亿、百亿”,在英语中分别这样表示:ten thousand,one hundred thousand,ten million,one hundred million,ten billion。
读英语中三位以上的数字,读的时候是从高位到低位依次去读,先读每个单位内的数字,然后在末尾加上对应的英语计数单位。
英语三位数的读法是“百位数+hundred+and+几十几”,比如:688读作six hundred and eighty-eight。如果百位数中没有十位数,就在and后面直接读个位数,比如:608读作six hundred and eight。
再比如6688666在英语里写作6,688,666,读作six million,six hundred and eighty-eight thousand,six hundred and sixty-six。
2、序数词:表示顺序。
(1)1-3的序数词是first,second,third。
(2)4-19的序数词是fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,eleventh,twelfth,thirteenth,fourteenth,fifteenth, sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth。
(3)整十的序数词是twentieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth。
(4)整百的序数词是(one/a)hundredth,two hundredth,three hundredth,four hundredth,five hundredth,six hundredth,seven hundredth,eight hundredth,nine hundredth。
(5)几百零几的序数词是把个位数变成序数词,百位数和个位数间用and连接,比如:第306是three hundred and sixth。
(6)几十几和几百几十几的序数词是把对应的基数词里的个位数变成序数词,十位数与个位数中间用连字符连接。比如:第21是twenty-first,第166是one hundred and sixty-sixth。
数词的用法总结:
1、基数词的用法:
(1)表示数量:
There are three apples on the table.
(桌子上有三个苹果。)
(2)表示价格:
The dress costs fifty dollars.
(这条裙子价值50美元。)
(3)表示时间:
It's six o'clock now.
(现在是六点钟。)
(4)表示年龄:
She is twenty years old.
(她20岁。)
(5)表示电话号码:
My phone number is eight three one five six four two.
(我的电话号码是8315642。)
2、序数词的用法:
(1)表示顺序:
Tom finished the race in second place.
(汤姆以第二名的成绩完成了比赛。)
(2)表示日期:
Today is the fifteenth of October.
(今天是10月15日。)
(3)表示年份:
The American Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4th, 1776.
(美国独立宣言于1776年7月4日签署。)
(4)表示学年:
She is in her first year of university.
(她是大学一年级学生。)
(5)表示序列:
The fourth chapter of the book is the most interesting.
(这本书的第四章最有趣。)
3、句法功能:
(1)主语:
Six of us are fond of music.
我们六个人都喜欢音乐。
The first is mine.
第一个是我的。
(2)宾语:
I need three.
我需要三个。
I prefer the second.
我更喜欢第二种。
(3)定语:
The third boy is my brother.
第三个男孩是我弟弟。
(4)表语:
She is the first to come to school.
她是第一个来学校的。
(5)同位语:
We three are all from the same city.
我们三个都来自同一个城市。
(6)状语:
First, turn on the gas.
首先,打开煤气。
数词专项练习:
( ) 1. There are about ________ students in our school.
A. two thousand of B. two thousands C. two thousands of D. two thousand
( ) 2. There are ________ students in our grade.
A. three hundreds and forty-five B. three hundred and forty five
C. three hundred forty-five D. three hundred and forty-five
( ) 3. Sunday is ________ day of the week.
A. the first B. one C. he seventh D. the seven
( ) 4. Please come to my office ________.
A. at half past eight B. at half passed either C. in half past eight D. on half past eight
( ) 5. If you want to go to the cinema, take ________.
A. bus No. the ninth B. the No. 9 bus C. No. 9 the bus D. No. the ninth bus
( ) 6. The Greens came to China ________.
A. in 1984 October 27 B. in October 27, 1984
C. on 27, 1984 October D. on October 27, 1984
( ) 7. The story took place in ________.
A. nineteen centuries B. nineteen century
C. the nineteenth century D. nineteenth century
( ) 8. I was told they would stay in China for ________.
A. one and a half years B. one and a half year
C. one and half years D. one half and one year
( ) 9. Tomorrow we are going to learn ________.
A. Lesson Second B. the Lesson Two C. Lesson Two D. second lesson
( ) 10. I think that the first day of spring is ________.
A. twenty-two of March B. twenty-second on March
C. twenty-two in March D. the twenty-second of March
答案:
1. D
2. D
3. A
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. C
8. A
9. C
10. D