非谓语having done的用法
having done结构其实就是动词-ing形式的完成式。having done的用法是语法“非谓语动词用法”的内容,这个是是英语考试中的高频考点。
非谓语having done的用法:
1、having done可以用来连接两个句子,表示在第一个句子中发生的事件或动作是第二个句子中所描述的事件或动作的原因或结果。
例句:
Having studied hard, she passed the exam with flying colors.
她学习很努力,因此考试得了很高的分数。
Having finished his work, he went to bed.
他完成了工作,然后去睡觉了。
在这些例子中,having done用来表示某个动作在另一个动作之前或之后发生,并且与另一个动作之间存在一种因果或结果关系。
2、having done还可以用在复合句的句首,表示主句中的动作或状态发生在从句中所描述的事件或状态之后。
例句:
Having seen the movie several times, I still find it enjoyable.
我看过这部电影好几遍,但我仍觉得它很有趣。
Having lived in the city for many years, she knew all the best restaurants.
她在这个城市生活了很多年,所以了解所有最好的餐厅。
非谓语动词的用法总结:
1、非谓语动词的含义:除了谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语动词。
2、非谓语动词有四种形态,分别是:不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
3、不定式基本形式是todo(表示将来);被动式是to be done;进行式是to be doing;完成时是to have done;完成被动式是to have been done;完成进行式是to have been doing。在句子中可以做主语、宾语、补语、定语、表语和状语。
4、动名词基本形式是doing(表示主动);被动式是being done;完成式是having done;完成被动式是having been done。在句子中可以做主语、宾语、表语和定语。
5、现在分词基本形式是doing(表示主动和进行);被动式是being done;完成式是having done;完成被动式是having been done。
6、过去分词基本形式是done,及物动词的过去分词表示被动或者完成;不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或者完成。
7、非谓语动词用法总原则:凡是有被动意义时,原则上要用过去分词;如果动作尚未发生,则用不定式的被动形式;如果动作正在进行,则用动名词的被动形式。非谓语动词作状语时,原则上其逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致。强调动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之前,原则上要用完成式(不定式的完成式或分词的完成式)。
非谓语动词答题步骤:
1、分析句子结构,辨识“谓语与非谓语”。
2、找逻辑主语,判断逻辑主语与非谓语是主动还是被动关系,一般说来:
非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语就是句子的主语。
非谓语动词作宾补,逻辑主语是宾语。
非谓语动词作定语,逻辑主语是被修饰词。
3、判断动作发生在主句谓语动作之前(用完成式)还是之后。
非谓语动词用法习题:
1. They kept the fire ________ to keep them warm.
A. to burn B. burn C. burnt D. burning
2. Who’s the boy ________ under the tree?
A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood
3. I don’t like to sit here ________ nothing.
A. doing B. do C. to do D. does
4. The girl student enjoy ________ English songs.
A. singing B. to sing C. sing D. sung
5. Thank you for ________ us so well.
A. to teach B. teaches C. teaching D. taught
6. I often do some ________ on Sundays.
A. washed B. to wash C. wash D. washing
7. The boy ________ Li Hua in Class One is his brother.
A. called B. calling C. to call D. call
8. It often takes me half an hour ________ home.
A. walking B. to walk C. walked D. walk
9. Don’t forget ________ her clean water every day.
A. to give B. giving C. given D. give
10. I think it important ________ English well.
A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned
11. The funny story makes us ________.
A. laugh B. laughing C. to laugh D. laughed
12. She was often heard ________ in English.
A. sing B. singing C. sung D. to sing
答案:
1.D
2.C
3.A
4.A
5.C
6.D
7.A
8.B
9.A
10.C
11.A
12.D